![]() ![]() Telophase is the final mitotic stage before the cell separates, therefore normal cellular structures begin to reform. The chromosomes align at the metaphase plate to prepare for separation, and the chromosomal kinetochores attach to the microtubules that will eventually pull the chromosomes apart.Īt this stage, the sister chromatids (duplicated chromosomes) begin to pull apart to opposite sides of the cell and the cell begins to elongate and prepares for cell division. These spindles will be able to ‘attach’ to the chromosomes and organize them, eventually pulling them apart later in mitosis. During prophase, the chromosomes begin to condense, the nuclear envelope begins to degrade, and mitotic spindles form. The following sections give a more detailed description of the stages of mitosis and meiosis.Īt this point, DNA replication has already occurred. Each division will go through a series of steps that must be successfully completed to get viable cells. More occurs within these processes than what is indicated in this diagram, however, this diagram shows the end result of these processes and the main differences that occur in each cell.Īlthough cell division is a daily occurrence in our bodies, that does not mean that it is simple. The following diagram shows a simplified process of how mitosis and meiosis occur. In humans, this zygote will go through many mitotic divisions to eventually form an embryo and then a fetus, eventually resulting in a baby. It is important that meiosis results in these haploid cells called gametes because two haploid cells will come together and form a diploid cell known as a zygote. Essentially, a haploid cell will have one set of chromosomes and a diploid cell will have two sets of chromosomes. The second division will take these two diploid cells and divide them, so each has one complete set of chromosomes, making all four of these cells haploid. The first division will result in two diploid cells just like mitosis, but these cells will not be genetically identical (although they will have the proper number of each chromosome). Meiosis goes through the same replication process so that the chromosomes double, but there will be two division steps. Mitosis essentially makes an identical copy of every chromosome and then divides the cell so that each one will have the exact same set of chromosomes that the parent cell starts with. Humans are composed of diploid cells, which means that each cell has two copies of each set of chromosomes (we get one set from our mother and one set from our father). ![]() They both start with diploid cells and meiosis results in 4 haploid cells, while mitosis results in 2 diploid cells. A big difference between these two types of cellular division is the resulting cells and their genetic components. In order for reproduction to occur and for these cells to be considered viable, a female and a male gamete must come together and form a new and genetically unique cell. Gametes contain exactly half of the genetic information of a typical cell found in the human body. Cells undergoing meiosis will divide twice, and result in 4 genetically different cells called gametes. ![]() Meiosis, however, occurs at select regions of the body and its only use is in reproduction. It is an important aspect of our everyday lives and is a constant occurrence throughout our bodies. Mitosis is the primary method of cell division and will occur millions of times in our bodies and allows us to grow from a zygote to a fully grown adult. Mitosis is cell division that results in two genetically identical cells from the original cell. The two types of division are known as mitosis and meiosis. ![]() But how do cells go through division to accomplish these tasks? There are two different methods that a cell can go through division, depending on if reproduction is the end goal or not. Cell division is also involved in many important processes like cell differentiation, healing from injuries, and fighting infections, all of which help us survive as multicellular organisms. The daughter cells resulting from mitosis are diploid and identical to the parent cell.Cell division is an important part of what allows us to grow and reproduce. The four daughter cells resulting from meiosis are haploid and genetically distinct. \): Meiosis and mitosis are both preceded by one round of DNA replication however, meiosis includes two nuclear divisions. ![]()
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